RFID, the local heather and therapeutic application and radio system

Copyright @ Richard Jan Azim Svanberg, 2020-06-04

Mobil : +46 (0) 721881571

Photo 1                                                                                                       Photo 2                      Photo 3

Photo 1 and 2 is authentic RAMBO Microchip (RFID, from Richard Jan A Svanberg library, my hand, taken by Richard Svanberg). Photo 3 is authentic RAMBO Microchip (CMOS MEMS Camera) from Richard Jan A Svanberg library, my hand, taken by Richard Svanberg).

Summary

An in vivo RFID chip implanted in a patient’s body, comprising an integrated antenna formed on the chip, and a CMOS-compatible circuitry adapted for biosensing and sending information out of the patient’s body. The RFID chip use a “rectenna” with a rectifier circuit and supplies power to the chip by converting AC power into DC voltage. RFID have a “local heater” sending current to different biological function (affecting muscles, hormone and so on). CMOS sensors adapted to to sense a chemical and/or physical quantity from a local environment in the patient’s body. And a small nano carbon nano tube radio 20 (Fig 2).

 

        

Figure 1                                                    Figure 2                                                                            Figure 3

Figure 1 In vivo RFID (Hitachi µ-chip (RFID tag))

FIG. 1 is a top view of RFID on chip antenna shown with the Hitachi µ-chip to scale.

FIG. 2 is a schematic of a carbon nanotube radio (part 20).

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the sizes of various existing and proposed radios.

FIG. 4 is a schematic of a carbon nanotube antenna.

FIG. 5 is a schematic of a system using an antenna and a diode to receive radio. Signals and convert RF power to direct current.

FIG. 6 is a schematic of a single- chip radio platform.

FIG. 7 is a chematic of a system incorporating integrated nanosystems.

 

 

Abstract

 

I will refer to two types of RFID (Radio frequenzy identification) chip that I have source information. The first one is RAMBO Microchip, and the other one is In vivo RFID. Both working in similar ways. I will describe In vivo RFID. An in vivo RFID chip implanted in a patient’s body, comprising an integrated antenna formed on the chip, and a CMOS-compatible circuritry (CMOS MEMS sensor (Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor  Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems sensor))  adapted for biosensing and transmitting information out of the patients’s body. In preferred embodiments, the Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor) CMOS-compatible circuitry is adapted to sense a chemical and/or physical quantity from a local environment in the patient’s body and to control drug release from the drug reservoirs. Also, on a RFID parts can be Local heater or a therapeutic application. And, parts like radio

Radio frequenzy identification (RFID)

In general, these biomedically-relevant physical quantities are sensed and turned into a measurable optical or electronic signals. RFID could be current implantable biosensor, also a wireless, “no battery was needed” and small sized system. In vivo RFID  consist a(Hitachi µ-chip (RFID tag)) Hitachi µ-chip.

 

Energy source: “Rectenna”.

 

Rectenna consist of a antenna, a diode connected to ground and a low pass filter.

Referring to FIG. 6, the OCA 52 can be integrated with a rectifier circuit (e.g., using a diode 62) to covert the AC power received by the OCA 52 into a DC voltage. The chip 50 also include a CMOS-compatible RFID circuitry 54. The circuitry 54 can be designed for storing and processing information, modulation, and other specialized functions. By combing the CMOS-compatible RFID circuitry 54 with the OCA 52, an integrated system is archived.

The antenna can be made of out of a metal trace that is fabriced under CMOS standard and/or CMOS-compatible metal processes. In one embodiment, the embodiment, the area of the antenna can be scaled down to 0.1x0.1 mm², and the number of loops can be increased to compensate for the decrease size.

The local heater and therapeutic application (RF nano-heathers) to affect biological system

 

Both, the local heater and therapeutic application approach to the absorption of RF power.

An approach to the absorption of RF power is to use it as a local heater, which can be used to effect biochemistry at the nanoscale for nanotechnology investigations and potential therapeutic applications. This is another form of “RF remote control” of biological function, which uses heat rather than circuitry to control chemistry. Two examples using various forms of RF nano-heaters include: therapeutic heathers and RF remote control.

The chip can also be used to control the release of drugs(like hormones as adrenaline, testosterone and seretonine), or to stimulate electrically biological function for either therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. Drug reservoirs can be integrated onto the RFID chip, allowing for intelligent or externally-controlled release of drugs.

An exemplary application would be the use of glucose sensors for diabetes monitoring. Glucose sensors can be implemented in a patient to monitor blood sugar levels, and then control the release of insulin from an on-chip reservoir. This application allows the monitoring of blood sugar to occur on a more frequent (or even continuous) basis than the conventional method of testing that involves pricking the patient’s finger and putting a drop of blood on a test strip once a day.

A proportional-integral-derivative (“PID”) controller can be used to calculate the difference between the measured process variable and a desired setpoint and to adjust the process control inputs accordingly. Other algorithms that integrate biological information for the optimum health tailored to the individual patient may also be used. In general, there is a myriad of possible biological events to b monitored in vivo, using emerging sensing technologies. A single RF platform to interface to these new sensing and nanotechnologies in the life sciences and biomedical device field.

Radio frequenzy identification (RFID)

In general, these biomedically-relevant physical quantities are sensed and turned into a measurable optical or electronic signals. RFID could be current implantable biosensor, also a wireless, “no battery was needed” and small sized system. In vivo RFID  consist a(Hitachi µ-chip (RFID tag)) Hitachi µ-chip.

 

RFID Antennas

Research regarding on-chip antennas ((OCA) RF antennas on the same chip as the signal-processing components (using GHz near field antenna or MHz inductively coupled coils). In the Guo reference, the researchers used an OCA operating at 2.45GHz. The on-chip circuitry used the energy from the incoming RF field to power itself, so that no battery was needed.  Fabricated with an eye toward the antenna efficiency (i.e., a “good” antenna according to textbook antenna metrics would broadcast efficiently over long range(internal antenna on chip)).

OCA and CMOS MEMS sensors

No battery was needed because OCA use energy from the incoming RF field to power itself

CMOS sensors can be used to control the release of drugs, or to stimulate electrically biological function for either therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. The chip can be small enough that control at the single cell level is possible.

 

Nano antennas on RFID chip

FIG. 7. According to this embodiment, nanotube antennas and frequency domain multiplexing are used for high band width communication with integrated nanosystems, which comprises nanowires and nanotubes. Referring to FIG. 7. Long nanotubes of different lengths, each a different frequency, are coupled to the integrated nanosystem. He CMOS-compatible RFID chip 70 has multiple nanostructure-based antennas 76, such as nanotube antennas, that together form antenna arrays 71 extending from each of the four sides of the chip 70. Preferably, each nanotube antenna 76 within the arrays 71 has a separate resonant frequency and is configured to communicate over a separate wireless frequency. In this manner, a multichannel communication signal transmitted from a nother device or outside system 77 can be received on the chip 70. Because each nanotube 76 within the arrays 71 receives information on a separate channel, each of array 71 receives information on a separate channel , each of array 71 can act as a communications port where each antenna 76 effectively acts as an input/output connections.   

The RFID chip 70 can have any number of nanotube antennas 76 configured to receive, transmit or both. In embodiments where each nanotube antenna 76 is tuned to a separate resonant frequency, the number of a nanotube antennas 76 available to receive data on separate channels is limited only by available bandwith. The internal structure 72 of the chip 70 can range from simple nanotubes or nanoelectrodes to more complex integrated nanosystem having nanotubes, nanowires, nanotransistors, self-assembling DNA and the like

Small radio

Small radios and Radio system

A small nano carbon nano tube radio 20. This comprises an AM demodulator 22 made of a single carbon nanotube ( a molecular tube with radius of order 1 nm). Howerer, the external antenna 24 is serval cm in length, and the audio amplifer, speaker, and power supply (battery) are of the shelf, so the entire system volume is of order 10^-3m³.

Table 1 estimates the size of a possible single chip radio using “COTS” (commercial off shelf) technology, as well as possible advances using nanotechnology. In Fig. 3, the system size and single cell size of various existing and possible radio systems are shown.

According to a preferred embodiment, a unified single-chip universal platform 50 is shown schematically in FIG. 5. Referring to FIG. 5, the on-chip antenna (“OCA”) 52 can be designed and fabricated as an inductive coil with multiple loops on the chip (the loops are shown in aggregate). The antenna can be made of out of a metal trace that is fabriced under CMOS standard and/or CMOS-compatible metal processes. In one embodyiment, the embodiment, the area of the antenna can be scaled down to 0.1x0.1 mm², and the number of loops can be increased to compensate for the decrease size. Other embodiments of OCAs are also possible, including but limited to spiral, linear, zigzag, meander, and loop antennas.

 

Reference

Peter J. Burke, Christopher M. Rutherglen, (Jul. 8, 2010) Pub. No: US 2010/0171596 United States Patent Application Publication